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American campaign slogan

Trump'due south "Make America Great Once more!" sign used during his 2022 presidential campaign earlier Trump selected Mike Pence as his vice presidential running mate

"Brand America Great Once again" or MAGA ()[a] is a campaign slogan used in American politics popularized by Donald Trump in his successful 2022 presidential entrada. Ronald Reagan used the similar slogan "Let'southward Make America Great Again" in his successful 1980 presidential campaign. Bill Clinton also used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential campaign and used it again in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton'south unsuccessful 2008 presidential primary entrada. Douglas Schoen has called Trump'due south apply of the phrase "probably the nearly resonant entrada slogan in recent history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the country was in decline.[2] [3]

The slogan became a pop culture phenomenon, seeing widespread utilize and spawning numerous variants in the arts, entertainment and politics, being used by those who back up and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link it to racism in the U.s., regarding it as dog-whistle politics and coded language.[4] [5] [6] [seven] The slogan was also at the center of 2 events originally reported inaccurately in most media outlets, the Jussie Smollett assault hoax and the January 2022 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [9] [ten] [xi]

Apply before Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was outset used by Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a speech at the third session of the 76th U.s. Congress in anticipation of the 1940 United states of america presidential ballot: "What is the style? Here is America. At that place are 130,000,000 of u.s.. America needs a leader who tin can coordinate labor, majuscule, and management; who tin can give the human being of enterprise encouragement, who can give them the spirit which will afford vision. That will brand America neat again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was found in some advertisement associated with Barry Goldwater's unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[13]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Permit'south brand America smashing again" was famously used in Ronald Reagan's 1980 presidential campaign. At the time the United States was suffering from a worsening economic system at domicile marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the country's economic distress every bit a springboard for his campaign, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism amongst the electorate.[14] [15] [16] [17] Inside his credence voice communication at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without job opportunities, we'll stimulate new opportunities, particularly in the inner cities where they live. For those who've abandoned promise, we'll restore hope and we'll welcome them into a great national cause to make America great once more."[eighteen] [19]

Bill Clinton [edit]

The phrase was also used in speeches[xx] by Bill Clinton during his 1992 presidential campaign.[21] Clinton also used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton'south 2008 presidential principal campaign.[22]

During the 2022 electoral campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump's version, used as a campaign rallying cry, was a message to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "give you an economy you had fifty years agone, and... move you lot support on the social totem pole and other people down."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell'due south book most her unsuccessful 2010 bid as the Republican nominee for a US Senate seat in Delaware was published by St. Martin's Printing on August 16, 2011, as Troublemaker: Let'due south Practice What Information technology Takes to Make America Peachy Again.[24]

Use by Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Make America Great Again" cap during his 2022 presidential entrada

In December 2011, Trump made a statement in which he said he was unwilling to rule out running every bit a presidential candidate in the hereafter, explaining "I must leave all of my options open because, above all else, we must brand America swell again."[25] As well in December 2011, he published a volume using as a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #one Once again" – which in a 2022 reissue was changed to "Make America Great Over again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Make America Great Once more" by stitching it onto his widely distributed cap

On January 1, 2012, a grouping of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretary of State's role to create the "Make America Smashing Again Political party", which would have allowed Trump to be that party's nominee if he had decided to get a third-party candidate in the 2012 presidential election.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on November 7, 2012, the twenty-four hours afterwards Barack Obama won his reelection confronting Mitt Romney. By his own account, Trump get-go considered "Nosotros Volition Make America Great", but did not feel like information technology had the right "ring" to it. "Brand America Great" was his next slogan idea, but upon farther reflection, he felt that it was a slight to America because it implied that America was never great. Later selecting "Make America Great Once more", Trump immediately had an attorney register it. (Trump later said he was unaware of Reagan'due south use in 1980 until 2015, simply noted that "he didn't trademark information technology.")[28] On Nov 12 he signed an application with the United states of america Patent and Trademark Role requesting exclusive rights to use the slogan for political purposes. It was registered every bit a service marker on July 14, 2015, after Trump formally began his 2022 presidential campaign and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the awarding.[29] [28] [30] Trump used the slogan in public as early as August 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Make America Great Again" on a roadside in California shortly after the Nov 2022 election

Trump wearing a "Proceed America Great" hat in December 2019

During the 2022 campaign, Trump ofttimes used the slogan, especially by wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white letters, which shortly became pop amongst his supporters.[32] The slogan was and then important to the campaign that at one point it spent more on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or television commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that counterfeit versions outnumbered the real hat 10 to one. "...but it was a slogan, and every fourth dimension somebody buys 1, that's an advertisement."[28]

Post-obit Trump's election, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2022 and 2022 that the slogan of his 2022 reelection campaign would be "Keep America Great" and he sought to trademark it.[28] [34] However, Trump's 2022 entrada continued to utilize the "Make America Swell Again" slogan.[35] Trump'south vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "make America keen again, again" in his 2022 Republican National Convention voice communication, garnering ridicule and comparisons to the catchphrase "again-again" from Teletubbies.[36] [37] In belatedly 2021, this phrase became the name of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was besides mocked.[38]

Less than a week after Trump left part, he spoke to advisors nigh perchance establishing a third party, which he suggested might be named either the "Patriot Party" or "Make America Great Once again Party". In his first few days out of office, he also supported Arizona state party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who also called for the creation of a "MAGA Party". In tardily Jan 2021, the old president viewed the proposed MAGA Political party as leverage to prevent Republican senators from voting to convict him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the Firm.[39] [twoscore]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the campaign slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump defended himself by tweeting "My use of social media is non Presidential – it's MODERN DAY PRESIDENTIAL. Make America Dandy Once more!" on July 1, 2017.[41]

In the first half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[42] In an article for Bloomberg News, Marking Whitehouse noted "A regression analysis suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a post'due south retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the average Trump tweet attracts a total of 107,000."[42]

Trump attributed his victory (in part) to social media when he said "I won the 2022 ballot with interviews, speeches, and social media."[43] According to RiteTag,[44] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter lonely include: ane,304 unique tweets, five,820,000 hashtag exposure, and three,424 retweets with 14% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[44]

Donald Trump gear up upwards his Twitter account in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly following the declaration (June xvi, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2022 presidential ballot, with particularly notable spikes occurring later his securing the Republican Party nomination (May 3, 2016) and subsequently winning the presidency.[45]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its use since 2015, it is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Voice of America journalist, among others,[5] [six] explained how information technology is a loaded phrase considering it "doesn't just appeal to people who hear information technology every bit racist coded linguistic communication, only besides to those who have felt a loss of status as other groups have become more empowered."[four] Every bit Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan now resonates every bit America Get-go did in the early 1940s, with the thought "that the truthful version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed earlier it was diluted with other races and other people."[46]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[w]earing a 'Make America Slap-up Again' lid is not necessarily an overt expression of racism. But if you wear one, it'south a pretty practiced indication that you share, admire or appreciate President Trump's racist views most Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[half-dozen] The Detroit Free Printing and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this characterization and did non believe the slogan or MAGA hats are evidence of racism, seeing them more in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[47] [48] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan as "fabled", writing: "It was vague plenty to appeal to optimists more often than not, while leaving plenty of room for biting and resentful voters to conclude that we were finally going back to the days when they ran the world."[49] Polling has shown that well-nigh x percent of black voters identified as Trump supporters,[l] [ non-chief source needed ] while about thirty percent of Hispanic voters identified as Trump supporters.[51] [ better source needed ]

Australian political commentator and former Liberal party leader John Hewson writes in January 2022 that he believes the recent global movements against traditional politics and politicians are based on racism and prejudice. He comments: "There should be little doubt near Us President Donald Trump's views on race, despite his occasional 'denials', assertions of 'fake news', and/or his semantic distinctions. His election campaign theme was effectively a promise to 'Make America Swell Again; America Start and Only' and—nod, nod, wink, flash—to Make America White Over again."[52]

Use by others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and author Peter Beinart published a 2006 book titled The Good Fight: Why Liberals – and Only Liberals – Tin can Win the War on Terror and Brand America Bang-up Again [53] cartoon on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr afterwards the Invasion of Republic of iraq and early on years of the War on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a book well-nigh her Republican Senate entrada in the 2010 Delaware special election titled Troublemaker: Let's Practice What It Takes To Make America Bully Again.[54]

After Donald Trump popularized the use of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of it were widely used in reference both to his election campaign and to his politics. Trump'due south primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Make America Great Again" in speeches, inciting Trump to send cease-and-desist letters to them.[28] Cruz subsequently sold hats featuring, "Make Trump Fence Over again", in response to Trump's boycotting the Iowa January 28, 2022 debate.[55] The phrase has as well been parodied in political statements, such as "Brand America Mexico Again", a critique of Trump's immigration policies regarding the U.S.–Mexico border.[56] [57]

Use by political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that peachy" during a September 2022 pecker signing.[58] [59] Former U.s.a. Attorney General Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2022 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did y'all recollect America was great?"[60] [61] During John McCain'southward memorial service on September 1, 2018, his daughter Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no demand to be made great over again because America was always peachy."[62] Trump subsequently tweeted "Brand AMERICA GREAT Again!" later that 24-hour interval.[63]

Use past hate groups [edit]

A 2022 report using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks found that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were unremarkably used by white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used as "an organizing discursive space" for far-right extremists globally.[64]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of France, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. The last sentence of the speech delivered by him was "make our planet bang-up again."[65]

During his campaign for the 2022 Indonesian presidential election in October 2018, former opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "make Indonesia peachy again", though he denied having copied Trump.[66]

During the Swedish European Parliament election in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Democratic Party used the slogan "Make European union Lagom Again".[67] [68]

February 2022 Fridays for Futurity protestation in Berlin with the line "Make Globe Greta Over again"

Members of the Fridays for Time to come Movement accept often used slogans like "Make World Greta Again", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[69] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary motion picture named Brand the World Greta Again.[70]

In popular culture [edit]

Rap-rock supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Make America Rage Again" stage backdrop reminiscent of the "Make America Bang-up Over again" catchphrase as it appears on a MAGA hat

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Adult entertainment [edit]

  • Adult movie star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an thing with President Trump, took part in a "Brand America Horny Once more" strip club bout. The tour followed Trump's initial 2022 campaign trail and role of the acquirement was donated to Planned Parenthood.[71]

Advertising [edit]

  • A Dunk-a-roos marketing campaign used the slogan "Make America Dunk Again".[72]

Artwork [edit]

  • Brand Everything Neat Once again was a street fine art mural by artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Lithuania.[73] [74]

Comedy [edit]

  • Comedian David Cross's 2022 stand-upwards bout was titled "Making America Great Again".[75]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, 2 Dragon Con cosplayers claiming an clan with Adult Swim and Drawing Network, and dressed as the World Trade Eye during the September 11 attacks, wore "Make FishCenter Neat Once more" hats.[76] [77] [78]

Mode [edit]

  • Fashion Designer Andre Soriano used the "Make America Bully Again" Official presidential campaign Flag to design a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to wearable on Red Carpet e.g. 2022 Grammy Awards.[79]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Make Sandford Great Over again" to Sergeant Nicholas Angel.[eighty]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Make England Cracking Again" fez hat in one scene.[81]
  • The Syfy film Sharknado 5: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Make America Allurement Again".[82]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Election Year (2016) is "Keep America Smashing" (a phrase Trump would later on use as his 2022 campaign slogan); ane of the Television set spots for the film featured Americans who explained why they support the Purge, with one stating he does so "to keep my country [America] great".[83] The adjacent film in the franchise, The First Purge, was afterward advertised with a poster featuring its championship stylized on a MAGA lid.[84]
  • The character Paul in Da 5 Bloods is an avid Trump supporter and sports a MAGA hat throughout the motion picture.[85]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassin'southward Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Make Athens Great Again" during his campaign against Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat 11 (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombat11 newcomer Kollector to "make Outworld slap-up over again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Costless Again" in its marketing entrada.[86]
  • In Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Make America Great Again" during his speech while battling Raiden.[87]

Music [edit]

  • Fall Out Boy released a remix of their anthology American Beauty/American Psycho titled Make America Psycho Again.[88]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a song in 2022 called One thousand.A.T.A, meaning Make America Trap Again.[89]
  • Make America Rock Again was a rock concert tour.[ninety]
  • Rap stone supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Machine, Public Enemy and Cypress Loma, called their 2022 nationwide bout the "Brand America Rage Over again Tour", using a phase backdrop reminiscent of a MAGA lid.
  • UK musician and author James Kennedy released a rock protest album in 2022 called 'Brand Anger Great Once more'[91]
  • Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Make America Crip Again".[92]
  • Frank Turner released a song chosen "Make America Great Over again" on his album Be More Kind (2018).
  • Vocalizer Joy Villa produced a unmarried "Brand America Groovy Over again" a few months afterwards appearing at the 2022 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' wearing apparel.[93]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a chapeau saying Make America Skate again in Risk the Rapper's video No Trouble
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an album titled Make America Trap Once again (2019), with embrace art inspired by the Barack Obama "Hope" poster.[94]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Riot released a song titled Make America Neat Once again.[95]
  • Metal band Thy Art Is Murder released a song chosen "Brand America Hate Again" on their album Homo Target (2019). They as well sell a lid with the slogan "Brand Deathcore Great Once more".

Sports [edit]

  • Then-Washington Nationals baseball outfielder Bryce Harper wore a hat saying "Make Baseball game Fun Again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Author Octavia Due east. Butler used "Make America Great Again" equally the presidential campaign slogan for a character, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[96] Jarret is described equally "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled religion and government together and cemented the link with money from rich businessmen".[97]
  • Writer Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Date Once more",[98] a satirical book on dating and relationships.

Television [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his show Last Week Tonight with John Oliver in a segment defended to Trump, urging viewers to "Make Donald Drumpf Again", in reference to the original ancestral proper noun of the Trump family.[99] [100] The segment broke HBO viewership records, garnering 85 1000000 views.[100]
  • In the South Park episode "Where My Land Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a campaign that is a parody of Trump'south, are seen property signs bearing the slogan.[101]
  • In the Star Trek: Discovery episode "What's Past Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "brand the Empire glorious again", a line that was compared to Trump by many reviewers.[102] [103] [104] [105]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used by Trump.[1]

References [edit]

  1. ^ The Telegraph (May 30, 2020). Donald Trump: 'MAGA loves the black people' responding to race protests (YouTube video). Event occurs at 0:00.
  2. ^ Schoen, Douglas (Apr 8, 2016). "Donald Trump saw what politicians ignored. And and so he disrupted American politics". Fox News . Retrieved October 25, 2020.
  3. ^ Edwards-Levy, Ariel (November eighteen, 2015). "Americans Aren't Sure Annihilation In America Works Anymore". Huff Mail . Retrieved Nov 5, 2018.
  4. ^ a b Melton, Marissa (August 31, 2017). "Is 'Make America Neat Over again' Racist?". Vox of America. Retrieved October 25, 2020.
  5. ^ a b Shamus, Kristen Jordan (January 24, 2019). "MAGA hats: Trump campaign swag or symbols of hate?". Detroit Gratuitous Press . Retrieved October 25, 2020.
  6. ^ a b c Abcarian, Robin (February five, 2019). "MAGA hats and greasepaint are different forms of expression, but they share a sure unfortunate Deoxyribonucleic acid". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved Oct 25, 2020.
  7. ^ Rebecca Solnit (2018). Call Them past Their True Names: American Crises (and Essays). Haymarket Books. Trump's slogan, 'Brand America great again', seemed to invoke a return to a Never Never Country of white male person supremacy, where coal was an crawly fuel, blue-color manufacturing jobs were what they had been in 1956, women vest in the home, and the needs of white men were paramount.
  8. ^ "How The Media Covered Jussie Smollett". NPR.org . Retrieved September 15, 2021.
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  32. ^ Crash-land, Philip (Jan 25, 2016). "Why Donald Trump has given up on the chapeau". The Washington Post . Retrieved November five, 2018.
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  35. ^ Kumar, Anita (May 20, 2020). "Trump tries on MAGA 2.0 for a pandemic era". Politico. Retrieved November 23, 2020.
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  37. ^ Hall, Louise (August 25, 2020). "Mike Pence mocked for spin on Trump election slogan". The Independent . Retrieved December 31, 2021. {{cite spider web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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  44. ^ a b "#maga Hashtag Analytics". RiteTag . Retrieved July 18, 2018.
  45. ^ Trackalytics. "Donald J. Trump Twitter Followers Statistics". Trackalytics . Retrieved Nov 28, 2017.
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  61. ^ Norman, Greg (March 28, 2019). "Eric Holder goes on MAGA attack: 'Exactly when did you lot recollect America was groovy?'". Play a trick on News . Retrieved April xxx, 2019.
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  63. ^ Donald Trump [@realDonaldTrump] (September 2, 2018). "MAKE AMERICA GREAT AGAIN!" (Tweet). Retrieved September 2, 2018 – via Twitter.
  64. ^ Sean M. Eddington (2018). "The Communicative Constitution of Hate Organizations Online: A Semantic Network Assay of "Make America Cracking Once again"". Social Media + Order. iv (3). doi:ten.1177/2056305118790763.
  65. ^ "Macron: 'Brand our planet dandy again'". BBC News . Retrieved January 18, 2018.
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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

cappsunding.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again

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